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Charles Batteux (May 6, 1713 – July 14, 1780) was a French philosopher and writer on aesthetics. ==Life== Batteux was born in Alland'Huy-et-Sausseuil, Ardennes, and studied theology at Reims. In 1739 he came to Paris, and after teaching in the colleges of Lisieux and Navarre, was appointed to the chair of Greek and Roman philosophy in the Collège de France. His 1746 treatise ''Les beaux arts réduits à un même principe'' was an attempt to find a unity among existing theories of beauty and taste on "a single principle", and its views were widely accepted,〔 This cites Dacier et Dupuy, ''Éloges'', in ''Mémoires de l'Académie des Inscriptions''.〕 not only in France but throughout Europe. According to P. O. Kristeller, The reputation thus gained, confirmed by his translation of Horace (1750), led to Batteux's becoming a member of the Académie des Inscriptions (1754) and of the Académie française (1761). His ''Cours de belles lettres'' (1765) was afterwards included with some minor writings in the large treatise, ''Principes de la littérature'' (1774). His philosophical writings were ''La morale d'Épicure tirée de ses propres écrits'' (1758), and the ''Histoire des causes premières'' (1769). In consequence of the freedom with which in this work he attacked the abuse of authority in philosophy, he lost his professorial chair. His last and most extensive work was a ''Cours d'études à l'usage des élèves de l'école militaire'' in forty-five volumes.〔 In ''Les Beaux Arts'', Batteux developed a theory influenced by John Locke through Voltaire's sceptical sensualism. He held that the fine arts are arts ("assemblages of rules for doing well"), for producing fine or beautiful things ("which please" of themselves), always "in imitation of ''la belle nature''" and requiring genius. Applying this principle to the art of poetry, and analysing, line by line and even word by word, the works of great poets, he deduced the law that the beauty of poetry consists in the accuracy, beauty and harmony of individual expression. His ''Histoire des causes premières'' was among the first attempts at a history of philosophy, and in his work on Epicurus, following on Gassendi, he defended Epicureanism against the general attacks made against it.〔 Strictly in Aesthetics terms Batteux sets the single principle for fine arts in imitation of nature, and this in terms of ideal of perfection to make an harmonious whole: "let's choose the most beautiful parts of nature, to make an exquisite whole, more perfect then nature, but never ending to be natural".〔Book I, part I: "à faire un choix des plus belles parties de la nature pour en former en tout exquis, qui fùt plus parfait que la nature elle-méme, sans cependant cesser d'étre naturel". See: TOSCANO A. (1991). Charles Batteux: Les Quatre Poëtiques. RIVISTA DI ESTETICA, vol. 39; p. 67-78, ISSN: 0035-6212〕 In this concept, clearly, Batteux follows a long tradition, present at least in Leon Battista Alberti; as well as for the expression of fine arts, present in Giovanni Battista Armenini and more back in Sebastiano Serlio. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Charles Batteux」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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